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Streszczenie:
In the article, a direct choice system of the most rational technology for applying a babbitt coating on the liners of sliding bearings (SB) is developed, which takes into account both economic and environmental requirements. On the basis of the performed research, a physically substantiated mathematical model of the babbitt-coatings’ wear process (wear equation) is proposed, which allows solving both the direct problem of determining weight and linear wears based on the known work of friction, as well as the inverse problem of finding the necessary work of friction to obtain the required amount of weight or linear wears. With knowing the time to reach a certain amount of wear, it becomes possible to operate the products more rationally, timely assigning the repair time and friction-surface catastrophic-wear preventing. In the course of research, a methodology is developed for determining the constants of the wear equation: activation energy (EA) as well as maximum weight (Δmб.п.н) and linear (Δhб.п.н) wears, which can be used as selection criteria for the most rational technology of applying a babbitt coating.

Słowa kluczowe:
sliding bearing, babbitt, coating, wear, structure, transition layer, adhesion strength, electrospark alloying, mathematical model

Streszczenie:
The paper analyzes the works devoted to solving problems affecting the bearing life of rolling bearings (RB) and to revealing reserves for its increase. There proposed a new technology for forming a protective coating on the shaft bearing journal or on the surface of a sleeve pressed thereon, which consists in the use of a combined technology comprising a process for stage-by-stage aluminizing by the method of electrospark alloying (A ESA ) followed by a process of ion nitriding (IN). Such a coating has a 100% continuity, the greatest thickness of the increased hardness zone of 300 µm, the surface microhardness of 7700 MPa, and the roughness (Ra) after non-abrasive ultrasonic finishing (NAUF) of 0.5 µm, The results of the X-ray microanalysis indicate that an increased content of aluminum is observed in the surface layer at the distance of up to 40 µm after the stage-by-stage AESA process. The research results have shown that in order to restore the shaft bearing journal neck surface layer hardness, which had been lost because of the repair work, the step-by-step AESA technology is more preferable. Thus, when removing the surface layer to a depth of 0.15 mm and subsequently carburizing by the method of electrospark alloying (C ESA ), the maximum microhardness of the surface layer is 7250 MPa, and the thickness of the zone of the increased hardness is 150 µm, At subsequently processing by the AESA method, these quality parameters of the surface layer are, respectively, 7350 MPa and 210 µm. The use of the NAUF method, both after C ESA and AESA processes, makes it possible to reduce the surface roughness up to Ra = 0.5 µm. To decrease the surface roughness of the RB housing seat, it is advisably to practice burnishing with a diamond tool (DB) after the A ESA process