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Abstract:
The present paper reports on an innovative and simple route for the preparation of new hybrid materials based on TiO2 and carbonaceous supports with relatively high biochar content prepared via controlled laboratory batch pyrolysis system. Pine tar was used as a precursor for secondary char (confirmed by TGA) serving as a coating and “connecting material” between commercially available Degussa P25 TiO2 and biomass derived porous carbon support (biochar) produced from softwood or Lignin. The prepared hybrid materials were characterized by a series of physico-chemical characterization techniques such as XRD, XPS, TGA, UV–vis, XRF, SEM, COD and BET analysis. The results confirmed that the method used is viable and can be used to embed TiO2 in the structure of biochar. In aqueous phase phenol degradation, the TiO2/(secondary char-coated biochar) hybrid materials proved photocatalitically active, and especially the TiO2/secondary char-coated SWP700) showed better photocatalytic performance than the commercial TiO2 counterpart.

Keywords:
Biochar,Lignin,Pyrolysis,Secondary char,Water detoxification

Abstract:
It has been demonstrated that sonophotodeposition can be one choice as a green method to synthesize bimetallic supported photocatalysts with enhanced performance for selective oxidations. A series of Pd–Cu supported on Titania-P90 photocatalysts were successfully prepared using this innovative method of effective synergistic combination of sonication and light. In addition, our method does not require the use of strong chemical reduction agent and it is executed in a short time, room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The prepared materials were characterized by a number of techniques such as High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), DR UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally, better bimetallic systems were obtained (methanol conversion >50% and selectivity to methyl formate >80%) by SonoPhotoDeposition (SPD) than in the case of the conventional photodeposition methodology. It has been discussed the possible reasons of the observed slight deactivation (8% after 2 h reaction test) of the best performing material in gas phase methanol selective photo-oxidation.

Keywords:
Sonophotodeposition,Bimetallic,TiO2,Sonication,Methanol photo-oxidation

Abstract:
The aim of this work is to develop bimetallic Pd–Au/TiO2 P90 systems, which are highly active and selective for the photocatalytic oxidation of methanol to form methyl formate. Modification of commercial TiO2 P90 with Pd–Au nanoparticles was successfully achieved for the first time by means of a sonophotodeposition (SPD) method. The prepared materials were characterized by TEM, UV/Vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and powder XRD. The Pd–Au bimetallic nanoparticles supported on titania exhibited remarkably enhanced catalytic activity in selective methanol oxidation to form methyl formate due to the synergism of Au and Pd particles, as well as the strong interaction between TiO2 and Pd–Au. SPD is a green methodology that can be used to prepare well-defined bimetallic surfaces on semiconductor supports with great promise for catalytic applications, in which selectivity can be tuned through adjustment of the surface composition.