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Abstract:
The heteroepitaxy of diamond films has received widespread attention; however, its application remains limited owing to the mismatch in properties and structure between diamond and heterogeneous substrates. In this study, diamond films were successfully synthesized on high-entropy alloys (HEAs) substrates using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. The resulting diamond films were continuous, uniform, and adhered to the HEAs substrates. The mixed carbides were identified using X-ray diffraction, and the quality of the diamond films was examined using Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the corrosion test revealed that the diamond/TiZrHfMo samples had excellent electrochemical stability and corrosion resistance with a corrosion potential value of −0.169 V in a 3.5wt% NaCl solution. A multiple regression model was established to evaluate the effects of the structure and growth parameters, which confirmed that the mixing entropy significantly affected the grain size and corrosion properties.

Keywords:
high-entropy alloy, chemical vapor deposition, diamond film, multiple regression model

Abstract:
Damage of bridge cables is mainly manifested as the decrease in cable forces. These forces are affected by the boundary conditions, cable length, cable stiffness, and cable appendages, making it hard to identify the cable forces. Based on the substructure isolation method, this study proposes an approach for cable force identification to judge cable damage by adding virtual supports to each cable so that the cables share the same length and boundary conditions. The cable forces can then be identified according to the relationship between the natural frequency and cable forces. The basic concept is that the boundary sensors are transformed into virtual supports by a linear combination of the convolution of measured responses to achieve the zero boundary response. A finite element model of a suspension bridge was used to validate the proposed method in a simulation. When the virtual supports were added to the cables, the relationship between the cable forces and the natural frequency was almost linear, and the cable damage could be successfully identified with 5% noise. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified experimentally, and the natural frequency of the isolated cable substructure was confirmed to be a highly sensitive damage indicator.

Keywords:
cable damage, cable forces, natural frequency, structural health monitoring (SHM), substructure isolation method, virtual supports

Abstract:
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 enzymes. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein complex responsible for the processing of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β and is implicated in many inflammatory diseases. Here we show that several clinically approved and widely used NSAIDs of the fenamate class are effective and selective inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome via inhibition of the volume-regulated anion channel in macrophages, independently of COX enzymes. Flufenamic acid and mefenamic acid are efficacious in NLRP3-dependent rodent models of inflammation in air pouch and peritoneum. We also show therapeutic effects of fenamates using a model of amyloid beta induced memory loss and a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. These data suggest that fenamate NSAIDs could be repurposed as NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors and Alzheimer’s disease therapeutics.